Process for the production of negatives without photography



March 29, 1932. E. P. MULLAN 1,851,369

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NEGATIVES WITHOUT PHOTOGRAPHY FiledJan. 29, 1930 Hal FIG a PArln we una su:

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HQIBICI JNI/TNTOR I (L PMZo/z j l l Patented Mar. 29 1932 UNITED STATES EDWARD L MUILAN, OF BALA, PENNSYLVANIA Application led January 29, 1930. Serial No. 424,452.

My invention relates to new and useful im: provements in a process for the production of negatives without photography, and has for its object the production of negatives from lithographie, steel, copper or other intaglio engravings, half-tones, line cuts, wood cuts, and all other relief plates, lithographie drawings in line, stipple, Ben Day or crayon and all drawings made by any 'planogra'phic proclu esses, without the use of photographic plates, either wet or dry, cameras, printing frames or other photographic equipment.

Fig. l is a view of a sheet of material or base having one surface covered with a dextrine coating constituting the first step of the comprehensive process, one corner of the base being left uncovered for illustrative purposes.

l Fig. 2 is a view showing the second step wherein thedextrine coating is covered with a collodion coating.

Fig. 3 is a view illustrating the third step of the process wherein an impression is pulled on the collodion coating.

` Fig. 4 is a view of the fourth step during i5 wlhih the light resisting background is app Fig. 5 is a view illustrating the fifth step at which timethe impression is reversed by removal of the substance forming the impres- 3o sion. y

v Fig. 6 is a view showing the sixth step of the process wherein a rubber coating is aplied. This view illustrates said rubber coatlng, in particular, between the uncoveredpart of the background and the balance thereof which is visible through the rubber coating.

Fig. 7 is a view showing, in a manner similar to Fig. 6, theseventh step wherein the rubber coatingis covered with a collodion coating. v

Fig. 8 is a view of the next step during which the original base is removed.

Fig. 9 is a view illustrating the/final' step at which time the negative is mounted upon a transparent permanent base or protective backing. l

Figs. 10 to`18 inclusive,` `are exaggerated cross sections of Figs. 1 Ato 9 inclusive, respect'ively.

50. In carrying out the' process, first provide ,l

gummed paper which may be any soft paper, preferably unsized, coated with a dextrin solution. The dextrin solution is made by boiling dextrin in water. A fiat dextrin solution is preferred and is applied to the paper in the formcof a thin paste.

This gummed or dxtrin coated paper is next coated on the gummed side with a collodion solution composed of ether, alcohol and negative cotton in the proportions of one e0 pint of ether, one pint of alcohol and one hundred and ninety-two grains of negative cotton.

` After the collodion coating is thoroughly dried, an impression is pulled upon the coated surface using'ordinary printing or transfer ink and the paper under ordinary conditions can be used in a dry state but when the mpression is to be pulled from an intaglio enaving, said paper should be softened by aying between damp blotters or damp unsized news stock.

The impression thus obtained is then reversed 'by spraying or iiowing any opaque solution upon the paper and ,when said solution is dried, the ink lines are removed with a wad of soft cotton soaked in benzol. The opaque solution may be india ink, black or colored dyes of red, brown or orange shades.

In order to obtain the best or excellent reso sults, said solution should be sprayed with an air brush. 'lhe lines which were black on a white background or field now are reversed and appear white on a `black background or field. This unfinished negative is now iiowed with a rubber solution in the proportions of one-half ounce of pure Para rubber dissolved in sixteen ounces of benzine. The rubber should be shredded so that it will dissolve easily and quickly. When the rubber solution has dried, the unfinished negative is then flowed .with a solution of alcohol, ether, cotton and castor oil produced in the proportions of one pint of alcohol, one pint of ether, ninety-six grains of negative cotton and three miniums of castor oil.

After the last mentioned solution has dried, the print is placed in a bath of five per cent acetic acid and the film which has been produced becomes detached from its paper support and can be readily stripped or mounted upon glass, Celluloid or any other transparent support. v

Where an opaque background is desired, this may be produced by adding to the first coating solution of ammonium iodide and cadmium bromide in the proportions of five grains of ammonium iodide and one grain of cadmium bromide to each ounce of the first coating solution.

A print is made on this coating in the manner described and is then flowed with a solution composed of nitrate of silver distilled water and made slightly acid bythe use of chemically pure nitric acid in the proportions of forty-five grains of nitrate of silver dissolved in an ounce of distilled water with a few drops of chemically pure nitric acid. The nitrate of silver solution is allowed to stand on the print for a short time, say approximately two minutes after which the print is developed in a solution of ferrous sulphate, acetic acid, alcohol and water in approximately the proportions of sixteen ounces of water, one ounce of ferrous sulphate, one ounce of acetic acid and one ounce of alcohol. This solution should be filtered and kept cool for use from time to time.

After the background is developed to sufiicient intensity, the ink image is removed by soaking with benzol and the print then fixed in a solution of cyanide of potassium in approximately the proportions of one ounce of cyanide of potassium to twenty-four ounces 0f water. After fixing, the film is removed from the paper support and stripped upon the transparent support in the manner hereinbefore described.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and useful is l. The process for the production of negatives without photography consisting in coating soft paper with a dextrin solution; then coating the gummed side of said paper with a solution of ether, alcohol and negative cotton, then pulling an impression upon the coated surface through the medium of ordinary printing and transfer ink; then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the paper; then removing the ink lines by the application of benzol on a wad of soft cotton, then flowing the negative with a solution of rubber dissolved in benzine; when dried, fiowing the negative with a solution of alcohol, ether, negative cotton and castor oil;when again dried, placing the print ina bath of five per cent acetic acid to detach the produced film from the paper after which .said film may be strippedolpon a transparent support.

2. Theprocess for the production of negatives without'photography consisting in coating the gummed side ofdextrin coated soft paper w1th a solution of ether, alcohol and "with a solution of rubber,

negative cotton in the proportionsof lone pint of ether, one pint of alcohol and one hundred and ninety-two grains of negative cotton, then pulling an impression upon the coated surface by the use of ordinary printing or transfer ink, then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the paper, then removing the ink lines then flowing the negative with a solution ofrubber' and benzine in the proportions of one-half ounce of pure Para rubber dissolved in sixteen ounces of 15 benzine; then drying the negative; then flowing the negative with a solution of alcohol, ether, negative cotton and castor oil in the proportions of one pint of alcohol, one pint of ether, ninety-six grains of negative cotton and three miniums of castor oil, then again drying the negative; then placing the same in a five per cent acetic acid bath to detach the produced film from the paper after which said film may be stripped upon a transparent support.

3. A process for the production of negatives without photography, consisting of coating a base with a transparent film, said base being of a character to permit the removal of said film, then pulling an impression upon the film, then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the film and removing the impression with a suitable solvent, then coating the film with a solution of rubber, then covering the reversed impression with a transparent film to strengthen and protect the reversed impression, then stripping the completed negative, and then mounting it on a still stronger transparent support. I

4. The process for the production of negatives without photography consisting of coating a base with a transparent film insoluble in water, then pulling an impression upon the film, then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the film, then removing the impression, then coating the film then covering the reversed impression with a transparent film to strengthen and protect said reversed impression, then stripping the completed negative, and then mounting said negative on a still stronger transparent support.

5. The process for the production of negatives without photography consisting of coating a base with a transparent film, said base being of a characterto permit the removal of said film, then pulling an impression upon the film by the use of a transfer medium, then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the film, then removing the lines produced by the transfer medium, then coating the film with a solution of rubber, then covering the reversed impression with a transparent film, then stripping the completed negative, and then mounting it on a still stronger transparent support.

6. The process for the production of negatives without photography consistingA of coating a base with a transparent iilm insoluble in water, said base bemg of a character to permit the removal of said film, then pulling an impression upon the film by the use of ink, then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the film, then removing the ink lines, then coating the film with a solution of rubber, then covering the reversed impression with a transparent film to strengthen and protect said reversed impression, then stripping the completed negative, and then mounting it on a still stronger transparent support.

7. The process for the production of negatives without photography consisting of pulling an impression on a base covered with a separable light transmitting film by the use of a transfer medium, then reversing the impression by applying an opaque solution to the lm, then removing the lines produced by the transfer medium, then coating the film with a protective solution, then covering the reversed impression with a light transmitting film, then stripping the completed negative, and then mounting said completed negative on a still stronger light transmitting support. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto aixed my signature.

EDWARD P. MULLAN. 

